À l'avant-garde de la décarbonisation depuis 2006, South Pole développe des stratégies globales qui transforment l'action climatique en opportunités commerciales à long terme pour les entreprises, les gouvernements et les organisations du monde entier. South Pole est également leader dans le développement de projets, et a développé à date près de 1000 projets destinés aux énergies renouvelables, à la filière bois, à l'agriculture, à l'industrie, aux ménages et aux institutions publiques dans plus de 50 pays. Grâce au financement climatique, South Pole a permis de réduire les émissions de CO2 de plus d'une gigatonne, d'offrir des avantages sociaux aux communautés les moins privilégiées et particulièrement vulnérables au changement climatique, et de créer près de 100000 emplois dans les pays en développement.
Notre stratégie pour la réduction des gaz à effet de serre
Title:Aujourd’hui - avec 2019 comme année de référence - nous avons déjà réduit de 12 % nos émissions de niveaux 1 et 2 et de 26 % nos émissions de niveau 3. Nous continuons à investir significativement dans nos méthodes de fabrication et de distribution, dans nos processus et nos politiques afin d’accélérer la réduction de nos émissions, en conformité avec l’Accord de Paris 2015.
Une stratégie globale pour le climat suppose un spectre large d’actions, de la réduction, au retrait en passant par la compensation.
En parallèle de notre plan de réduction ambitieux et de nos projets en faveur du climat avec South Pole, nous venons de signer un contrat de 5 ans avec Climeworks afin de capturer le CO2 directement dans l’atmosphère (en savoir plus ici).
Nous pensons que toutes les solutions climat sont pertinentes et complémentaires à la condition qu’elles soient certifiées et cumulées intelligemment. Il est donc essentiel pour nous d’exploiter toutes les solutions à notre disposition. C’est pourquoi, avec South Pole, nous avons sélectionné 3 projets clés qui nous permettent de diversifier notre impact, à la fois sur la protection de la biodiversité, dans le captage de biogaz mais aussi concernant l’hydroélectricité.
Huóshuĭ Small Hydropower
Title:Clean energy for China’s remote mountain communities
Subtitle:Similarly, the powerful rivers of China's mountainous areas can be harnessed to generate electricity for its remote communities and the wider region, but hydroelectric power plants require substantial investment to set up. Prior to the project, local communities experienced poor living conditions. At a time when 80 percent of Chinas energy demands were met by coal-fired power stations, these communities had unreliable access to electricity and there was little regional investment.
Huóshuĭ Small Hydropower consists of 95 small hydropower plants. The small-scale plants range in capacity from 0.1 to 14 MW, and together supply enough renewable energy to power over half a million average Chinese homes each year. Their run-of-river design allows them to do so with minimal environmental impact.
- Project standards: SocialCarbon, VCS Verified Carbon Standard
Impacts:
- 369,000 tons of CO2e (carbon dioxide equivalents) mitigated each year (SDG13)
- 740,000MWh of renewable energy generated annually (SDG7)
- Contributions to United Nations SDGs 4, 8 and 5.
Rimba Raya Biodiversity Reserve
Title:Preserving Borneo's tropical peat swamp forests and improving local lives
Subtitle:The Rimba Raya peat swamp forests are located in Central Kalimantan province on the island of Borneo in Indonesia. Before the project was established, these immensely biodiverse tropical peatlands were scheduled for conversion into four palm oil estates by the provincial government.
The Rimba Raya Biodiversity Reserve protects 91,215 hectares of rich, tropical peat swamp forests which are monitored by local rangers as well as by satellite and aerial imagery. As well as preserving ecosystem diversity and the habitat of endangered species like the Bornean orangutan, the project reduces emissions by avoiding the planned deforestation of over 47,000 hectares of forests for palm oil production.
The Rimba Raya project not only sequesters carbon and protects habitat for local wildlife; it also promotes local sustainable development, particularly regarding environmental education and economic capacity building.
Project standards:
- Climate, Community & Biodiversity (CCB) Standards (Verra)
- VCS Verified Carbon Standard (Verra)
Impacts:
- 2,162 water filters distributed
- 47,237 hectares protected
- 3,500,000 tonnes of CO2e mitigated
Lan Dokmai Waste-to-energy
Title:Reducing climate impacts and helping with sustainable biogas
Subtitle:Thailand is one of the largest producers of Tapioca starch, which forms an important part of the economy. Unfortunately, starch production is a carbon-intensive process that not only damages the environment but also produces strong-smelling methane emissions from the wastewater that affect the quality of life in surrounding areas.
Rather than allowing the methane to escape freely into the atmosphere, the project captures the gas in order to produce clean electricity. This electricity powers production at the local starch factory; as a result, the air is cleaner and less fossil fuel needs to be purchased. This means that revenue can be generated to support social and educational activities in the community.
With less methane emissions, the quality of the air surrounding the plant has improved dramatically. In addition to this, new jobs and training opportunities for modern technologies are provided by the project. The treated wastewater is much cleaner and can be used for fish farming and irrigation of nearby fields, even the wastewater sludge is given to farmers and recycled for fertilizer.
Just like the renowned Carbon Dioxide (CO2), Methane (CH4) is also a greenhouse gas (GHG), so its presence in the atmosphere affects the earth’s temperature and climate system. Methane is emitted from a variety of anthropogenic (human-influenced) and natural sources. Methane is the second most abundant anthropogenic GHG after carbon dioxide, accounting for about 20% of global emissions, and is also more than 25 times as potent as carbon dioxide at trapping heat in the atmosphere. Therefore, reducing methane emissions has a significant effect on limiting global warming.
Project standards:
• Gold Standard (WWF)
• CDM Clean Development Mechanism (UN FCCC)
Impacts:
- 20,000 tonnes of CO2e
- 2,100 m2 of cleaned wastewater
- 2,200 litres of fossil fuels saved
Frequently Asked Questions
What are carbon credits and how do they work?
I progetti devono rispettare una serie rigorosa di criteri per superare la verifica delle agenzie esterne e una revisione da parte di un comitato di esperti di compensazione del carbonio presso uno standard leader come Verra o Gold Standard. Dopo l'acquisto di un credito di carbonio da parte di un'organizzazione o di un individuo, questo credito viene revocato in maniera permanente in modo da non poter più essere utilizzato.
Quali sono le caratteristiche di un progetto climatico valido?
Come posso verificare che le riduzioni siano reali? Che cos’è l’addizionalità?
Per garantire la trasparenza, ai crediti di carbonio vengono assegnati numeri di serie che sono emessi, trasferiti e ritirati in maniera permanente in registri delle emissioni accessibili al pubblico.
Addizionalità significa che le riduzioni di emissioni ottenute dal progetto devono andare “oltre le consuete pratiche aziendali”. Ciò significa che non avrebbero avuto luogo se il progetto non fosse stato implementato. Con l’acquisto di crediti di carbonio di alta qualità e verificati, finanzi in maniera diretta l’azione climatica e uno sviluppo sostenibile.
Quali sono i vari tipi di progetti di azione climatica?
- Il primo modo consiste nell’evitare le emissioni di anidride carbonica, ad esempio sostituendo l’energica ricavata da carburanti fossili con l’energia derivata da fonti rinnovabili.
- Il secondo modo consiste nel rimuovere le emissioni dall’atmosfera, ad esempio piantando più alberi, che hanno la funzione di sequestrare (ossia, catturare) l’anidride carbonica dall’atmosfera e di conservarla in forma liquida o solida.
- Il terzo modo consiste nel catturare e distruggere le emissioni, come ad esempio il metano, un gas serra presente nelle acque reflue che è molto più potente dell’anidride carbonica.
Il nostro partner globale South Pole gestisce centinaia di progetti di azione climatica diversi che interessano le aree seguenti:
- soluzioni orientate alla natura (riforestazione, ripristino del territorio, protezione della foresta, agricoltura e gestione del territorio sostenibili);
- energia rinnovabile (progetti idroelettrici, eolici, solari e geotermici);
- progetti comunitari (migliori tecnologie di cottura, accesso ad acqua pulita);
- termovalorizzazione (biogas dalle discariche o dal settore industriale e biomasse).
