South Pole 制定綜合的策略，將氣候行動轉化為世界各地的公司、政府和組織的長期商業機會，並且自 2006 年以來一直是去碳化事務的先鋒。South Pole 也是一家領先的專案開發商，在 50 多個國家的可再生能源、林業、農業、工業、家庭和公共機搆提供了近 1000 個專案。透過氣候金融的運作，South Pole 已經減少了超過十億噸的二氧化碳排放，為特別容易受到氣候變化影響的弱勢社區提供了社會福利，並幫助在開發中國家創造了近 10 萬個就業機會。
Our greenhouse gas reduction strategy
Title:To date, and from the 2019 baseline, we have already reduced Scope 1 and 2 emissions by 12% and Scope 3 emissions by 26%. We continue to invest substantially in our manufacturing, distribution, processes and policies to accelerate our greenhouse reductions and operate in line with the 2015 Paris Agreement.
A complete climate strategy presents all methodologies, including reduction, removal and offsetting.
In fact, in addition to our ambitious reduction plans and the climate projects with South Pole, we also recently signed a 5-year agreement with Climeworks, to actively remove CO2 directly from the atmosphere.
The truth is that every climate solution out there (when certified and additional) is valid. It is important to take all the measures and solutions available, and not just one. This is why, with South Pole, we chose 3 key projects to diversify our impacts into the areas of biodiversity protection, biogas capture and hydropower.
Huóshuĭ Small Hydropower
Title:Clean energy for China’s remote mountain communities
Subtitle:Similarly, the powerful rivers of China's mountainous areas can be harnessed to generate electricity for its remote communities and the wider region, but hydroelectric power plants require substantial investment to set up. Prior to the project, local communities experienced poor living conditions. At a time when 80 percent of Chinas energy demands were met by coal-fired power stations, these communities had unreliable access to electricity and there was little regional investment.
Huóshuĭ Small Hydropower consists of 95 small hydropower plants. The small-scale plants range in capacity from 0.1 to 14 MW, and together supply enough renewable energy to power over half a million average Chinese homes each year. Their run-of-river design allows them to do so with minimal environmental impact.
- Project standards: SocialCarbon, VCS Verified Carbon Standard
Impacts:
- 369,000 tons of CO2e (carbon dioxide equivalents) mitigated each year (SDG13)
- 740,000MWh of renewable energy generated annually (SDG7)
- Contributions to United Nations SDGs 4, 8 and 5.
Rimba Raya Biodiversity Reserve
Title:Preserving Borneo's tropical peat swamp forests and improving local lives
Subtitle:The Rimba Raya peat swamp forests are located in Central Kalimantan province on the island of Borneo in Indonesia. Before the project was established, these immensely biodiverse tropical peatlands were scheduled for conversion into four palm oil estates by the provincial government.
The Rimba Raya Biodiversity Reserve protects 91,215 hectares of rich, tropical peat swamp forests which are monitored by local rangers as well as by satellite and aerial imagery. As well as preserving ecosystem diversity and the habitat of endangered species like the Bornean orangutan, the project reduces emissions by avoiding the planned deforestation of over 47,000 hectares of forests for palm oil production.
The Rimba Raya project not only sequesters carbon and protects habitat for local wildlife; it also promotes local sustainable development, particularly regarding environmental education and economic capacity building.
Project standards:
- Climate, Community & Biodiversity (CCB) Standards (Verra)
- VCS Verified Carbon Standard (Verra)
Impacts:
- 2,162 water filters distributed
- 47,237 hectares protected
- 3,500,000 tonnes of CO2e mitigated
泰國 Lan Dokmai 廢棄物能源
Title:減少氣候影響並幫助可永續發展的生質燃氣
Subtitle:泰國是木薯粉的生產大國之一，因此成為重要的經濟體。可惜的是，木薯的生產過程會產生大量的碳，不僅會損害環境，排出的廢水中含有氣味強烈的甲烷，因而影響附近環境的生活品質。
我們的專案是收集這些甲烷以生產乾淨電力，而不是讓它們進入空氣中。此乾淨電力可供電給當地木薯工廠製作木薯粉，因此，空氣更乾淨，且減少了化石燃料的購買。這代表可增加收益以支援社區中的社交和教育活動。
隨著甲烷排放的減少，工廠周遭的空氣品質大幅改善。除此之外，本專案更提供新的工作機會和最新技術的訓練機會。經過處理後的廢水變得乾淨，可用於附近的養殖漁業和田地灌溉，甚至還可把廢水污泥提供給農夫，回收後當作肥料。
與眾所周知的二氧化碳 (CO2) 相同，甲烷 (CH4) 也是溫室氣體 (GHG)，它在空氣中的存在也會影響地球溫度和氣候系統。許多各種的人為因素和天然資源都會排放甲烷。排在二氧化碳後面，甲烷是第二多人為造成的溫室氣體，佔全球總排放量的 20%，而且比起二氧化碳，甲烷在空氣中聚熱的能力超 25 倍。因此，減少甲烷排放量在避免全球暖化方面有重大影響。
專案標準:
• Gold Standard (WWF)
• CDM Clean Development Mechanism (UN FCCC)
影響：
- 2 萬噸的二氧化碳
- 2,100 平方公尺的乾淨廢水
- 節省 2,200 公升的化石燃料
常見問題
什麼是碳權額度，如何運作？
專案必須遵守一系列嚴格的標準，才能通過第三方機搆的認證，並由 Verra 或 Gold Standard 等領先的碳抵換標準的專家小組進行審查。組織或個人購買碳權額度後，該額度將永久撤回，無法被重新使用。
良好的氣候行動專案的重點是什麼？
我要怎麼知道溫室氣體排放量真的有在減少？ 外加性 (additionality) 是什麼意思？
為了提高透明度，需分配碳權額度的序號，並在公眾可存取的排放登記處進行核發、轉讓和永久撤回。
外加性是指專案減少的排放量必須達到 「高於正常情況下的排放量」。這代表如果不實施該專案，這件事就不會發生。透過購買高品質和經過認證的碳權額度，您將直接贊助氣候行動和永續發展。
氣候行動專案有哪些不同類型？
- 第一種是避免溫室氣體排放，例如：使用可再生能源取代化石燃料衍生的能源。
- 第二種是消除空氣中的溫室氣體排放，例如：種植更多的樹木，從空氣中封存或捕捉碳，並用液體或固體的形式儲存。
- 第三種是捕捉和銷毀排放氣體，例如：從廢水中捕捉甲烷──一種比二氧化碳強很多倍的溫室氣體。
我們的全球合作伙伴 South Pole 有數百個不同的氣候行動專案，涵蓋以下領域：
- 以大自然為基礎的解決方案 (重新造林、土地復育、森林保護、永續性土地管理和農業)。
- 可再生能源 (水力發電專案、風力發電專案、太陽能發電和地熱能源)。
- 社區專案 (改善爐具技術、得以使用安全的水)。
- 廢棄物能源 (來自垃圾填埋場或產業的甲烷，以及生物能源)。
